• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The mortar mixture can be performed in the form of a plaster mix as Dämmputz, for insulating building envelopes, and it can also be performed as a top coat. However, the mortar mixture can be used for horizontal surfaces or used as Giessmörtel in forms, including compression molding. At least 20% of the mortar mix consists of glazed and thus closed, air-filled spheres of expanded silica or expanded perlite. These pearlite spheres are mixed with binders, additives as binders, an air entrainment and / or other chemical additives as plasticizers, quick binders and polymers. The procedure for the preparation of the mortar mixture is such that pearlite sand is first sorted by means of a grading curve in different grain sizes. Each grain size is then inflated in a trickle channel with multi-stage temperature zones, so that the surface of the balls is vitrified. Such produced, glazed expanded perlite is mixed together by the addition of binders and cellulose, air entrails and / or chemical additives to form a homogeneous mixture. The mortar mix is used to insulate exterior or interior walls or floors of structures. For this purpose it is by means of a screw pump with screw (1) and elastically resilient and from the outside in the field of screw (1) acted upon by air pressure or oil pressure pump cylinder (3), which is housed in a pressure-resistant outer tube (4), via a hose (7 ) and injected through a nozzle (10) with or adding water to a wall to be insulated. In the application of the mortar mixture as a top coat, an aqueous dispersion is used as a binder.
    公开号:CH709866A2
    申请号:CH01058/14
    申请日:2014-07-11
    公开日:2016-01-15
    发明作者:Martin Maier
    申请人:Adt Aero Dämm Technik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to a special mortar mixture, which is used on the one hand as a plaster on buildings and in another variant as insulating plaster for installation as interior and exterior insulation of buildings. Furthermore, this mortar mixture can also be used as fire protection in the form of a floor or top coat, but also for the creation of underlay floors or screeds, as well as a leveling and repair mortar for horizontal applications. Finally, this mortar mixture can also be used as Giessmörtel for a mold, or for the production of insulation boards for fire protection or for construction purposes in general. The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of this mortar mixture, then their use and finally a building on the outer or inner walls are plastered with it, or bases are created therein, or are installed in the fire or insulation boards or other components of this mortar mixture ,
    The essence of this mortar mix is that it consists partially or completely of very special lightweight materials instead of traditional sands. It can be used on a building on which exterior or interior walls or ceilings or floor slabs newly created or rehabilitated.
    In new construction and in the renovation are used today to improve thermal insulation or fire safety reasons and to save weight, various lightweight materials such as expanded clay, open-celled perlite, glass beads, polystyrene (EPS) and other materials. These lightweight materials have several disadvantages:Open cell perlites have a low compressive strength <0.2 N / mm <2> and are highly absorbent for water.Glass balls are very abrasive and correspondingly problematic in handling, for example for mixing or pumping. In addition, the products are very expensive.EPS (styrofoam) is vapor-proof and not heat-resistant. In the event of a fire EPS additionally ignites the fire as a result of its energy release. EPS must also be disposed of as hazardous waste.
    The development of efficient lightweight construction materials with a good insulation value, a high fire protection value, which also causes a pleasant indoor climate, since it absorbs only little water, but is permeable to water vapor and is purely mineral and thus naturally degradable, represents a major challenge. Today Lightweight materials based on EPS are added to the plaster. However, EPS is not fire resistant. Rock wool or special products made of expanded clay or expanded mica etc. are used as fire protection measures. Rock wool, however, does not withstand a pressure load. Fire protection slabs made of expanded clay or expanded mica are very expensive. The reference value for the insulation is the heat transfer and this is expressed as lambda value (λ). The lower this value, the better the heat insulation. Mortar or slabs of EPS have a λ value of 35 mW / mK, rock wool has a lambda value of 50-70 mW / mK. For airgel plasters lambda values of 12-15 mW / mK are specified. Such low lambda values for airgel are pure laboratory values. In practice, the lambda value in the mortar mix will increase after mixing and pumping at the construction site because airgel is mechanically stressed by the mixing and pumping process. The same applies to a mortar mix of EPS beads or traditional open-cell perlite, which withstands a compressive stress at 10% compression of <0.2 N / mm 2. Mortar mixtures of such lightweight construction materials with low compressive strength can not be used in floor areas where a certain compressive strength is always required. Other lightweight materials such as glass beads are very expensive and also lead to very high wear in the. Mixers, in the pump and in the transport hoses and they are therefore used in the construction industry only limited.
    A special topic are old buildings and their redevelopment. Old buildings are often beautiful - sometimes actual monuments - but they usually have a poorly insulating building shell and are generally difficult to subsequently isolate. The development of efficient insulation systems, such as a well insulating insulating plaster or well insulating insulation boards, is therefore also a challenge for this application. For fire protection reasons, insulation boards made of extruded polystyrene (EPS) or styrofoam should also be protected from the effects of heat.
    In Switzerland as an example, there are about 1.5 million old buildings. With this building substance must be lived, yes one wants to receive it consciously often. But at the same time the energy consumption of the country is increasing. 4.5 million tonnes of light heating oil and 3 million cubic meters of natural gas are imported annually, according to the Swiss Federal Office of Energy. 43 percent of them are burned for heating buildings. In order to be more economical with these energy sources, there is no way around a better isolation of these old houses around. The same goes for many other countries
    But how do you insulate a historic old building - be it a barn house, a house from the Art Deco era or an old town house Homeland Security does not allow you to simply pack historical facades with modern insulation boards.
    To get the look of an old house wall, therefore, a plaster is best. The lining of winding staircases, round arches and retaining walls is sometimes complex with conventional thick insulation boards. A cladding made of insulating plaster can be decidedly easier to install, especially on winding areas. In addition, the plaster rests directly on the masonry and leaves no gaps where moisture can condense. In practice, therefore, often resorting to combinations of insulation boards and insulation finishes. Large, flat surfaces are covered with insulation boards, however, angular areas of the building are provided with insulating plaster. For reprofiling resp. For the equalization of horizontal areas in old and new buildings are generally light mortar. This can save weight. These leveling mortars can also be adjusted self-leveling. It is important that these mortars absorb only a small amount of water. Under these circumstances, the water requirement is low and the setting time accordingly short. This speeds up the construction progress. So that the room climate is optimal, the mortar, which resp. Walls are applied, be vapor permeable. Otherwise there is a risk, if insufficient ventilation is provided, that mold forms.
    One of the best, if not the very best, insulating material that can be produced industrially is airgel. The material, also known as "frozen smoke" because of its appearance, consists of about 5 percent silicate - the rest is air. Airgel was used to isolate space suits as early as the 1960s and brought it to 15 entries in the Guinness Book of Records, including those for "Best Isolator" and "Lightest Solid". Airgel is already being used in the construction sector, for example as an inflatable insulating material for interstices between walls or in the form of fiber fleece insulation boards. In fact, airgel pellets are extremely light, almost weightless and they can be held between thumb and forefinger. But once you rub your fingers, they crumble. After two or three movements only a fine powder is left. If the powder is gently mixed with water and the plaster thus added is applied by hand, good results can be achieved. But when the plaster is pumped through the hose of a professional plastering machine at a pressure of 7 to 8 bar, the mechanical stress destroys the airgel and its insulating effect. Airgel should therefore be integrated into the plaster in such a way that its effect is maintained even when mechanically pumping the Dämmputzes. Laboratory samples of this airgel plaster developed by the Federal Materials Testing Institute EMPA in CH-Dübendorf gave a thermal conductivity λ of 30 mW / mK. Thus, this airgel insulating plaster would be more than twice as good insulating as a conventional insulating plaster and comparable or even better insulating than a sheet of extruded polystyrene (EPS). The conventional insulation plasters have lambda values between 65 and 90 mW / mK, the worst only a λ value of 110 or 130 mW / mK. For practical application, the airgel insulating plaster is sprayed onto the masonry with a plastering machine and then smoothed. This soft insulating plaster must then be protected in a further operation with a fabric-embossed investment mortar. However, it has been shown that an aerorgel, applied as a pumped plaster, lets in significantly more heat, especially when the pumping distance to apply it was long. Due to the mechanical stress of the airgel in the pump its effect collapses and the lambda value increases. With a 30-meter-long pumping line, the heat transfer and thus the lambda value increase from 30 to approx. 40 to 45 mW / mK.
    Buildings are usually built for a lifetime of 50-70 years. Often the buildings are dismantled after this time. Accordingly, it makes sense to build sustainably. This means that renewable or recyclable raw materials should be used. The raw materials should be environmentally neutral and not based on EPS or polymer, which must be disposed of in special landfills. The high costs of disposal are included in the construction costs.
    Thermal insulation panels on the other hand suffer by their assembly no deterioration of their λ value. An airgel plate has a λ value of 15 to 20 mW / mK, which is better than an extruded polystyrene plate (EPS plate) with its λ value of 33 mW / mK. Although thermal insulation panels can not be used everywhere, they are ideal in many situations because they offer a low λ value. Airgel panels or airgel insulation plasters are generally very expensive. If one could use a heat-insulating plaster with comparable λ-values, it would be highly interesting for many applications, because insulating plaster can be very conveniently applied even to angled parts of a structure, simply by spraying.
    Lightweight concrete or traditional plasters or mortar are already being modified with traditional lightweight construction materials. However, these mortar mixtures are often unsuitable or expensive. Absorbent, highly hygroscopic products tend to shrink in the initial phase of the setting process. Lightweight EPS materials are not fire resistant. The opposite is the case. These products give the brand extra energy (food) and thus accelerate the fire expansion. Accordingly, in practice often additional fire protection measures when using EPS (Styrofoam) provided.
    A completely different aspect relates to a finishing coat. As a finishing coat, usually dispersible binders are used. So far, a common recipe for such a dispersion plaster looks like this: about 90 volume percent are sands preferably silicate sands in different grain sizes, mixed to an ideal Siebelinie the dimension 0 to 5 mm. These sands have a density of about 1.9-2.2 kg / l. Approximately 10 percent by volume then takes up the dispersion (adhesive) on a water basis. If necessary, an additive is added, for example a foaming agent and / or other additives for the homogeneous drying or for the temping. Such top plasters are then usually supplied in 25 kg boilers for the execution of plastering. These boilers must be made in a high-rise over several floors to the top, which must be done many times by hand and is correspondingly tedious. Depending on the type of sand, whether more or less absorbent, some of the dispersion penetrates into the sand. This means that a lot of dispersion is necessary and this makes the system expensive. The sands also absorb water, which causes the topcoat to stiffen quickly. Accordingly, a lot of staff on the site is necessary so that the top coat, before he stiffen, can be applied homogeneously. Otherwise, the transitions from scaffold to scaffold run are difficult to level and later visible on the object in many cases.
    The object of this invention, in view of the above-mentioned facts, is to provide a mortar mixture which, depending on the composition, can be used for different purposes, at least for one of the following purposes:for thermal insulation,as fire protection in the form of a sub, armor or surface plaster,for the creation of underlays or screeds,as leveling and repair mortar for horizontal applications,as Giessmörtel for a mold in construction, which mortar mixture should be much easier compared to conventional mortar mixtures, better thermal insulation and fire protection properties should be inexpensive to produce and should provide easier handling for the application, especially because they are needed can also be pumped dry and pumped. The mortar mix is also said to provide significantly greater compressive strength than conventional mortar blends made from open-cell perlites. The mortar mixture should not hygroscopic but only slightly absorb water and accordingly create an optimal indoor climate.
    Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide the method for producing such a mortar mixture in various specific compositions, namely for a Dämmputz that is as light as possible, provides a comparable or lower λ value than conventional insulation plasters, and which one has such stability and durability that it is suitable for building on internal and external walls of buildings, as well as for a top coat, which has a much lower weight than conventional topcoats and therefore much easier and easier to apply homogeneously, and also as fire protection Can be used as a base, as a leveling and repair mortar or as Giessmörtel.
    In addition, this mortar mixture should be inexpensive to produce compared to conventional insulating plaster and top coat, so that it is economically competitive in the case of a Dämmputzes compared to the established insulation method such as the application of conventional insulation plaster. In the case of a top coat this should be much easier and easier to use than previously known top plasters.
    Finally, it is an object of the invention to provide the use of such mortar mixtures, either as insulation plasters to achieve better thermal insulation of building envelopes, as reinforcing plasters for embedding armor nets and to create a fire protection on an ESP or Styrofoam plate, or as a top coat for producing homogeneous and application-friendly external plasters, either to ensure adequate fire protection, continue to create underlay floors / screeds and for use as repair or Ausgleichsmörtelmischung. Finally, the invention also relates to a building in which such mortar mixtures are processed as insulating plasters, reinforcing plasters and / or finishing plasters, as underlay floors or fire protection or applied as other components, such as Giessmörtel or as repair and leveling mortar.
    The mortar mixture should therefore be as light as possible, offer a comparable or lower λ value than conventional under or insulating plasters, and have a high fire resistance. In addition, this mortar mixture should have such a stability and durability that it is suitable for installation on interior and exterior walls and floors of buildings and is also permeable to vapor. The mortar mix should absorb only a little water and have a much lower weight than traditional mortar and therefore much easier and easier to apply homogeneously. If the mortar mixture used as Reprofilier-, leveling mortar or used as Giessmörtel in a formwork, it should also have a high compressive strength.
    In addition, the mortar mixture should be inexpensive to produce compared to conventional plasters or Reprofilier- or Giessmörtel, so that they are also economically competitive compared to the established methods. In the case of a topcoat on a dispersion basis this should be much easier to handle than previously known topcoats.
    This object is achieved by a mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection for a sub, armor or finishing coat, for underlay floors or screed, as a leveling and repair mortar for horizontal applications or as Giessmörtel for a mold or mold for Structures characterized by being at least 20% vitrified, closed-cell spheres of expanded silica or expanded perlite with a compressive strength of 0.7-6.0 N / mm <2> in volume, and at least the residual volume a binder.
    This mortar mixture for plasters or Reprofilier-, leveling and casting mortar is thus characterized by the fact that the sands partially by glazed, closed-cell, air-filled balls with a 3-20 times higher compressive strength (hydraulic measurement) than traditional, torn, open-cell perlite, are replaced. In this case, at least 20% of the volume of the mortar mix is replaced by the glazed, closed-cell beads. The remaining volume consists of sands of different grain size, mixed in an ideal sieve line, and of at least one binder.
    A particular application of this thick-layer mortar mix on a mineral basis are all types of Reprofiliermörtel or leveling mortar for the coverage of horizontal surfaces. The additives are partially adjusted so that the mortars are self leveling. Such mortars with lightweight materials can also be cast in formwork (lightweight concrete). In all these applications, however, not only the low density of the mortar or the concrete mixture is important, but also the sufficiently high compressive strength, so that the end products are resilient.
    The method for producing such a mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection is characterized in that perlite sand is first sorted by means of a grading curve into different grain size, and then each individual grain size is inflated in a trickle canal with multi-stage temperature zones and thus the surface glazing of the spheres, and finally from such produced, glazed expanded perlite of one or more grain sizes by addition of binders, a homogeneous mixture is produced, which in volume at least 20% of these vitrified, closed-cell spheres of expanded silica sand or expanded Perlite with a compressive strength of 0.7-6.0 N / mm <2>, and the residual volume consists of at least one binder.
    The use as a top coat is characterized by the fact that the top coat is made available as a pasty mass in buckets to 10 kg weight on the construction site and is applied there manually. This is possible because the density of the top coat is only 25-50% of the density of a top coat with sand aggregates due to the addition of the light aggregate.
    The use of a plaster mixture as insulating plaster for insulating building envelopes for indoor or outdoor use is characterized in that the insulating plaster can be acted upon by means of a screw pump with screw and elastically resilient and externally in the field of screw with air pressure or oil pressure pump cylinder housed in a pressure-resistant outer tube, is injected via a hose and through a nozzle with or without the addition of water on a wall to be insulated.
    With reference to the drawings, the gentle pumping and using the perlite Dämmputzes is shown. In addition, the preparation of the perlite insulating plaster and its composition is disclosed below and its properties are discussed. The application of plastering in a design as a finishing coat is done manually, in which case the very big advantage is that, firstly, this finishing plaster brings only about one fifth of the weight of a conventional top coat for the same area on the scales, and secondly the dispersion through the expanded perlite is not absorbed, whereby a homogeneous order of the top coat is greatly facilitated.
    It shows:<Tb> FIG. 1: <SEP> The schematic structure of a screw pump for applying the Perlit insulation plaster;<Tb> FIG. 2: <SEP> The application of Perlit insulating plaster on an external wall by means of a Perlit insulating plaster pumping system.
    Raw perlite is a chemically and physically converted volcanic rock (obsidine) with a white, powdery appearance. The crude perlite contains up to 2% water and has a density of 900-1000 kg / m 3. He is a natural building material, which is ideal as a blowing pearlite for insulation and is particularly light. The raw material is produced in seismically active zones and is thus naturally renewed, and it is available in the long term. The product is easy to dismantle and can be dumped together with other mineral building material as conventional building protection and possibly reused. Traditional perlite, which is blown in the conventional process, is open-cell, highly hygroscopic and has a low compressive strength and is accordingly unsuitable as a mortar additive to meet the high requirements. Through a multi-stage annealing at rising temperatures up to approx. 800 ° C to 1000 ° C it is possible to inflate perlite to 10-15 times the volume. The density of the inflated product is then only 80-400 kg / m <3>. The expanded perlite thus has an exceptionally light weight. The bloating of perlite has been known for years. However, the previous Blähmethode leads to open-cell torn perlites. At the core of the present insulation boards, however, a novel perlite is used, which consists of glazed balls with closed cavities. The process for producing this novel perlite is multi-stage, in a case furnace with multiple temperature zones. The perlite sand is first sorted by means of a grading curve into different grain size. Each individual particle size is then exposed in a trickle canal to several temperature zones which have rising temperatures. The pearlite grains are puffed up, glazing the surface of the balls.
    Typical grain sizes or ball diameters produced in this way are:0.1 mm to 0.5 mm0.5 mm to 0.8 mm0.8 mm to 1.0 mm1.0 mm to 2.0 mm
    These novel, glazed balls have in contrast to broken perlite very low water absorption capacity. In order to improve open-cell perlites in terms of water absorbency, they have hitherto been coated, for example with bitumen. Another variant is to impregnate open-celled perlites with paraffin or to refine them with silicone and to use them for fillings. However, the perlites treated in this way are not very suitable for use as insulating plasters because the compressive strength of these products is still low and is only about 0.2 N / mm 2.
    By expanding silica sand or by the swelling of perlite arise as mentioned such closed balls. These balls of different diameters have a specific weight of only about 80-400 kg / m 3. So they are extremely light and enormously heat-insulating, with a λ-value of 20 to 35 mW / mK, and they have a high compressive strength of 0.8-6.0 N / mm <2> and are therefore suitable for the production of a pearlite-based Dämimputzes , For this purpose, in terms of its volume to 75% to 90% of such glazed and thus closed on its surface, filled with air balls of expanded silica sand or expanded perlite with binders, additives, an air entrainment and / or other chemical additives and homogeneously mixed , A particularly advantageous mixture is composed as follows:450 ± 25 liters of vitrified, expanded perlite with grain size 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm450 ± 25 liters of vitrified, expanded perlite, grain size 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm120 ± 20 kg Portland cement as binder80 ± 20 kg of hydraulic lime as softening binder200 g of cellulose as an additive20-60 g air pore imagesChemical additives as plasticizers or quick binders, polymers and others
    Such insulating plaster for insulating building envelopes weighs depending on the specific composition only 260 to 350kg / m <3>, and offers after pumping over 20 meters (!) A λ value of 40-50 mW / mK.
    Another recipe for such mortar mixes may look like this:<tb> 8-22% by volume <SEP> mineral binders and reactive additives based on cement, lime or volcanic acid<tb >> 20% by volume <SEP> glazed, closed-cell spheres with high compressive strength 0.7-5.0 N / mm <2><tb> 58-72% by volume <SEP> sands in ideal sieve line and / or special surcharges<tb> 50-300 g <SEP> mineral additives such as cellulose and / or others<tb> 20-100 g <SEP> air-entraining agent or foaming agent<tb> Small quantities <SEP> Chemical additives such as plasticizers or accelerators, polymers and or others<tb> 100% by volume <SEP> TotalThis recipe reduces the proportion of vitrified closed-cell spheres because the sands are only partially replaced. The insulation effect is correspondingly lower.
    Pumping traditional perlites or aerogels is tricky. When the plaster is pumped through the hose of a professional cleaning machine at a pressure of 5 to 20 bar, the mechanical stress destroys the traditional perlite or the airgel in the insulating plaster. In order to prevent this from happening with the mortar mix presented here with glazed, closed-cell spheres, and to maintain their outstanding λ value as far as possible, it must be conveyed and applied with a special screw pump. This screw pump is shown schematically in Fig. 1 and has a special pump cylinder 3 by the screw 1 rotates about the axis 6. The pump cylinder 3 is in the area 2 of the screw 1 made of a soft elastic material. The pump cylinder 3 is surrounded by a further pressure-resistant tube 4. The gap 5 between the pump cylinder 3 and outer tube 4 is adjustably acted upon by air pressure or oil pressure. This makes it possible to ensure that the elastic soft wall of the pump cylinder 3 snuggles in the region of the screw 1 to the outer edges of the turns of the tavern 1 and between the turns, the cylinder wall protrudes into the interior of the pump cylinder 3, that is, it bulges slightly between The turns of the rotating screw 1. Perlite can not be crushed at the outer edges of the screw winding, because before the cylinder wall 3 gives way elastically. Overall, the perlite insulating plaster is promoted very gently in this way, so that even after pumping over 20 meters and more reduce its thermal insulation properties only minimally.
    In Fig. 2 it is shown how this mortar mixture is applied for thermal insulation and / or fire protection. The wall to be coated is prepared beforehand for plastering. Then the mortar mixture or the special insulating plaster is filled through a funnel 9 in a pump carriage 8, in which a screw pump with a soft elastic, flexible, externally pressurized pump cylinder 3 is pumped. The insulating plaster is pumped by the pump carriage 8 with the addition of water in an ideal ratio, so that it adheres to the wall to be insulated. The pressures are then up to 8 bar and pumping distances of up to 20 meters and more can be overcome without significantly worsening the quality of the insulating plaster. The applied insulating plaster remains permeable to vapor and has a λ-value of approx. 40 to 50 mW / mK. It must therefore be sprayed on a much less thick insulating layer than conventional. It happens that this insulating plaster is much cheaper to produce than, for example, airgel insulating plaster. This insulating plaster can also serve for embedding a reinforcement, for example made of glass. Such a reinforcement plaster is applied in practice on old cracked plasters or insulation boards on EPS basis. The thus treated and coated wall can be subsequently covered with a topcoat based on dispersion or with an open-cell silicate paint and the layer structure remains vapor permeable, but is highly thermally insulating.
    The following is an example of the execution of the mortar mixture as Verputzmischung for producing and applying a top coat indicated: There are 75-95 percent by volume expanded closed cell Perlite with a Blähkorndurchmesser 0.2 to 2 mm with supporting grains preferably made of silicate sand with a diameter of 0- 5 mm mixed. The dispersion and other additives form the residual volume of the mixture. The additional Stützkömer are important so that the closed cell Perlite are not destroyed when rubbing the surface of the dispersion plaster and can be created according to a desired surface structure with visible large grains. Thanks to the enormously low weight of the expanded Perlite, the density of the finished product, ie the ready-to-use finishing plaster in the boiler, is only about 30% of a conventional dispersion plaster made of sand. A kettle with the same volume is 3-4 times lighter! Instead of a 25 kg container 5-9 kg is transported on the construction site. An important advantage is also that this lightweight finishing material can be applied manually with much less effort. The plasterer has only 30% of the weight on the trowel and the rubbing off becomes much easier and less strenuous. The light dispersion plaster sticks much better to the wall. It can be applied thicker layers accordingly. A heavy traditional finish often tends to drain, which is avoided with this novel finishing coat. Another advantage is that the expanded closed-cell perlites are not highly hygroscopic and therefore do not draw any dispersion or water from the mixture. Dispersion, which is expensive in principle, can thus be saved. Since no water is sucked off, the material remains open for a longer time and can therefore be processed longer.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection for a sub, armor or surface plaster, for sub floors or screed, as leveling and repair mortar for horizontal applications or as Giessmörtel for a mold for buildings, characterized in that they relate at least 20% of its volume consist of vitrified, closed-cell spheres of expanded silica sand or expanded perlite with a compressive strength of 0.7-5.0 N / mm 2, and the residual volume of at least one binder.
    [2]
    2. Mortar mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains sands.
    [3]
    3. Mortar mixture according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it for insulating and fire protection of building envelopes for indoor or outdoor use in terms of their volume to 75% to 90% of vitrified, closed-cell balls of expanded silica sand or expanded perlite consists, and the residual volume of binders, additives as binders, an air entraining or foaming agent and / or other chemical additives as condenser, quick binder and polymers.
    [4]
    4. Mortar mixture according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it consists for top plastering of building envelopes in terms of their volume to 75% to 95% of vitrified, closed-cell balls of expanded silica sand or expanded perlite and supporting grains of silk sateen, and the residual volume consists of a binder in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion and further additives, so that the top coat is present in pasty form.
    [5]
    5. mortar mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the proportion of vitrified, closed-cell spheres of expanded silica sand or expanded perlite has a particle size of 0.2 to 2 mm and the support grains of silicate sands have a grain size of 0-5 mm and the density of Finishing plaster is 0.1-0.4 kg / l.
    [6]
    6. Mortar mixture according to one of claims 1 to 3 for insulating building envelopes for indoor or outdoor use, characterized in that it has the following composition with respect to 1000 liters volume:- 400 ± 50 liters of vitrified, expanded perlite of grain size 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm- 400 ± 50 liters of vitrified, expanded perlite of grain size from 0,05 mm to 0,8 mm- 120 ± 25 kg Portland cement as binder- 80 ± 25 kg of hydraulic lime as softening binder- 200 g of cellulose as an additive- 20-60 g air pore images- Chemical additives as plasticizers Schnellbinder, and / or polymers- Sand as residual volume
    [7]
    7. Mortar mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is lighter than 1000 kg / m <3> and after pumping over 20 meters has a λ-value of 40-60 mW / mK.
    [8]
    8. A method for producing a mortar mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that perlite sand is first sorted by means of a grading curve in different grain sizes, and then each individual grain size is inflated in a trickle canal with multi-stage temperature zones and thus the surface of the balls closed cell and glazed and finally from such produced, glazed expanded perlite of one or more grain sizes by addition of binders, a homogeneous mixture is produced, which in volume at least 20% of these vitrified, closed cell beads of expanded silica or expanded perlite with a Compressive strength of 0.7-5.0 N / mm <2>, and the residual volume consists at least partially of a binder.
    [9]
    9. A process for preparing a mortar mixture according to claim 8, characterized in that in addition to the binders 200 g of cellulose, 20 g to 60 g of air entraining or foaming agents and sands and / or chemical additives are added and everything is processed to a homogeneous mixture.
    [10]
    10. A process for producing a mortar mixture according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that glazed, expanded perlite of one or more particle sizes between 0.1mm to 2.0mm is homogeneously mixed with- 120 ± 25 kg Portland cement as binder- 80 ± 25 kg of hydraulic lime as softening binder- 200 g of cellulose as an additive- 20-60 g air pore images- Chemical additives as plasticizers and / or quick binders.
    [11]
    11. A method for producing a mortar mixture according to claim 8, characterized in that glazed, expanded perlite from one or more grain sizes between 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm is homogeneously mixed with a binder in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion and other additives.
    [12]
    12. A method for producing a mortar mixture according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the following components are mixed together: Glazed, expanded perlite with grain sizes between 0.1mm to 2.0mm, namely30-60% with diameter 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm,20-50% with diameter 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm,10-30% with diameter 0.8 mm to 1.0 mm,0 - 10% with diameter 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm.and these pearlite grains are mixed homogeneously with- 120 ± 25 kg Portland cement as binder- 80 ± 25 kg of hydraulic lime as softening binder- 200 g of cellulose as an additive- 20-60 g air pore images- Chemical additives as plasticizers and / or quick binders, and polymers.
    [13]
    13. Use of a mortar mixture according to one of claims 1 to 7 for thermal insulation, as fire protection, as Reprofilierungs- or Giessmörtel or as a sub, armor or finishing coat by applying, spraying or pouring or pressing into a mold.
    [14]
    14. Use of a mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection according to one of claims 1 to 7 for insulating building envelopes for indoor or outdoor use, and prepared according to one of the methods of claim 8 to 11, characterized in that it by means of a screw pump with screw (1) and elastically resilient and from the outside in the region of the screw (1) can be acted upon by air pressure or oil pressure pump cylinder (3) housed in a pressure-resistant outer tube (4), and via a hose (7) and through a nozzle (10) is sprayed onto a wall or floor to be insulated with or without the addition of water.
    [15]
    15. structure, characterized in that it has inside or outside at least one wall or floor structure, which is coated with a mortar mixture for thermal insulation, as a finishing coat and / or fire protection, said mortar glazed expanded closed-cell pearlite with a compressive strength of 0.7- 5.0 N / mm <2>.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH709866B1|2018-05-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP3269891A1|2016-07-14|2018-01-17|ADT Aero Dämm Technik GmbH|Building block and masonry made from it|
    EP3375765A1|2017-03-17|2018-09-19|Genial Materials S.R.L.|Sprayable external thermal insulation system for buildings|
    EP3795548A1|2019-09-23|2021-03-24|Binder + Co AG|Expanded mineral material granulate|
    法律状态:
    2017-03-15| PCAR| Change of the address of the representative|Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: DUFOURSTRASSE 116, 8008 ZUERICH (CH) |
    2017-07-31| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH01058/14A|CH709866B1|2014-07-11|2014-07-11|Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection and for universal applications, as well as processes for their preparation and use.|CH01058/14A| CH709866B1|2014-07-11|2014-07-11|Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and / or fire protection and for universal applications, as well as processes for their preparation and use.|
    US15/026,187| US10029950B2|2013-10-14|2014-10-10|Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and/or as fire protection and for universal applications, and methods for the production and use thereof|
    PCT/IB2014/065203| WO2015056139A2|2013-10-14|2014-10-10|Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and/or as fire protection and for universal applications, and methods for the production and use thereof|
    EP14799543.5A| EP3057918A2|2013-10-14|2014-10-10|Mortar mixture for thermal insulation and/or as fire protection and for universal applications, and methods for the production and use thereof|
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